[DOWNLOAD] "Re-Evaluating Learning (Research Summaries)" by NBER Reporter * Book PDF Kindle ePub Free

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eBook details

• Title: Re-Evaluating Learning (Research Summaries)
• Author : NBER Reporter
• Release Date : January 22, 2009
• Genre: Business & Personal Finance,Books,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 63 KB

Description

Developing countries have rapidly increased access to primary school, but the quality of education has remained low. Many children are now in school, but they are hardly learning. In India, for example, a 2007 nationwide survey by Pratham (1), a large education nonprofit, found that 97 percent of the of-age children are in primary school, but only 51 percent of third graders could read a simple first-grade paragraph, and only 33 percent could do simple subtraction. If developing countries are to attain meaningful universal primary education, they must improve the quality of education. This is a formidable task: for starters, rising enrollment, unaccompanied by additional budget outlays, has increased pressure on available resources. Classes in the lower grades often are very large, and the children arrive with wide-ranging levels of preparedness. These large and heterogeneous classes can challenge pedagogy. The curricula, set nationally and often inherited in large part from the colonial period, are not adapted to local challenges and needs. Too often, they presuppose competencies that many of the first-generation learners do not have. Besides these challenges, teachers face lax incentives, so teacher motivation is low: many teachers do not come to school and even those who do come do not always teach.

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